First conditional describes what would happen in the future if something else also happens or does not happen.

For example:

• I own a car. = It is my car.
• You own this car (I presume). = It is your car.
• My husband owns a computer. = It is his  computer.
• My dad owns a flat. = It is his flat.
• My cat has a lad. = It is its lead.
• We use this sit. = It is our site.
• Leeds United own a football. = It is their football.

1. I went to the park ____________________.

2. I’m playing football ____________________.

3. We had an early dinner ____________________.

4. Her sister is going into town ____________________.

5. What time are you going to bed ____________________?

6. I’m taking the bike to the station first thing ____________________.

7. My sister moved flat ____________________.

8. Did you hear about that new sweet shop in town ____________________?

9. I met Dawn and Susan for some cake ____________________.

10. She’s visiting her boyfriend ____________________ evening.

11. There was a lot of light outside ____________________.

12. We’re going jogging ____________________ evening.

13. Are you coming over ____________________ morning?

14. He wasn’t at home ____________________ morning because he went to town for an doctors appointment.

15. John was in town all afternoon ____________________ for lunch.

1. Highlight the verb(s) in each phrase below.

2. Write the infinitive of the verb(s) next to the phrase:

For example:     I ate dinner today.                      EAT

1.         What’s his name?                      __________________________________________

2.         I don’t know her.                        __________________________________________

3.         She went out.                              __________________________________________

4.         Are you watching a film?                __________________________________________

5.         I met her last Tuesday.                  __________________________________________

6.         I have told my friend              __________________________________________

7.         They lost their dog.              __________________________________________

8.         I don’t like her.                          __________________________________________

9.         I have looked at your magazine.                __________________________________________

10.        We aren’t eating much.            __________________________________________

11.        I played on the computer.           __________________________________________

12.        I couldn’t see her.                     __________________________________________

13.        Is it true?                                   __________________________________________

14.        Did he tell you the secret?         __________________________________________

15.        That’s her brother.                        __________________________________________

16.        The last train was about 8pm.            __________________________________________

17.        My leg really hurts.                   __________________________________________

18.        The children were eating.         __________________________________________

19.        I cleaned my car.                   __________________________________________

20.        We’re meeting them later.             __________________________________________

Complete the words below.

1. _ u _ _ a _
2. _ _ _ i _ _
3. _ e _ _ e _ _ a _
4. _ e _ e _ _ e _
5. _ u _ _ e _
6. _ u _ _
7. _ i _ _ e _
8. _ a _
9. _ e _ _ e _ _ e _
10. A u _ u _ _
11. _ u e _ _ a _

Look at this dialogue.

A: This wine is older than that one
B: Yes but this other one is more expensive.
A: Hmm, which one do you this is better?
B: I don’t know but this one will be easier on my wallet!

Comparative form can be ‘er’ or ‘more’….

‘er’ is used with short adjectives consisting of one syllable.

Fast – Faster Cheap – Cheaper Large – Larger Small – Smaller
Safe – Safer Smart – Smarter Dark – Darker Clean – Cleaner
‘ier’ is used for adjectives ending in ‘y’
easy – easier funny – funnier happy – happier pretty – prettier

‘more’ and ‘less’ is used with adjectives consisting of two syllables or more and
adverbs ending in ‘ly’.
intelligent – more/less intelligent beautiful – more/less beautiful
extravagant – more/less extravagant reliable – more/less reliable
slowly – more/less slowly deeply – more/less deeply

Sometimes ‘er’ or ‘more’ can be used with some two syllable adjectives.

clever narrow quiet shallow simple

To make things a bit more confusing, there are a few irregular adjectives and
adverbs.
good – better well – better bad – worse far – further

Choose the correct comparative below.

1. My suitcase is (large) than your suitcase.
2. This scarf is (beautiful) than the one in the window.
3. The palace Hotel was (expensive) than the Grosvenor.
4. John is a (good) gardener than Stuart.
5. They are not going to the (bad) hotel.
6. The palace is the (expensive) hotel.
7. John is the (good) gardener.
8. These are the (beautiful) colours.
9. Mr.Smith is (bad) today than yesterday.

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Countable nouns refer to people, places, or things that can be counted:
NOTE: A is used before a consonant sound: a boat, a shiny bus. An is used
before a vowel sound: an elephant, an intelligent old man.
When not to use a (or an). A (or an) is not used to mark non countable nouns.
Non countable nouns refer to things that cannot be counted: water, oil, money,
laughter, patience.

A or an can be used to talk about things in general. Choose either A or AN to fill in the sentences.

He had to go and see … doctor.
There was … extremely annoying man outside.
He was in no mood for … examination.
There was … letter waiting for him.
I think the dog ran after … car.
What is …nice girl like you doing here?
Is there … easier way to do this?
What …. nice man he is very generous.
Have you had … club sandwich before?
Sit down and I will tell you … story.

Listen to this story about a man who witnesses an accident fill in the gaps with the correct article.

Jim was driving his car to work on the motorway when he saw … accident. … car in front of him had skidded
off the road and crashed into … hedge. Luckily … ambulance had already been called and was there at the
scene. Jim was forced to stop his car as … policeman was making all the cars stop. Jim wondered how late
he would be for work, he had … important meeting that morning and didn’t want to miss it!

To make a general statement about something we can use a/an article, or change it to the plural.

e.g
A mouse is a small rodent.  A television can be bought for quite cheap.
Mice are small rodents.  Televisions can be bought quite cheaply.

Subject pronouns

I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they

Object pronouns

me, you, him, her, it, us, you, them

• The subject is the person or thing doing the action:

I left early.
She went home.
We said goodbye.

• The object is the person or thing receiving the action:

She telephoned me.
I hit him.
We saw her.

Reflexive pronouns

myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves

• The object is the same person or thing as the subject:
I cut myself when I was cooking.
The kettle will switch itself off automatically.
Introduction

WRITE THE PRONOUNS IN THE GAPS.
EXAMPLE

1 ..She..spoke to him yesterday. (she)
2 I telephoned ..him.. for hours, (he)
3 Hasn’t … done it yet? (she)
4 … don’t get it. (I)
5 Are you speaking to … ? (I)
6 Don’t bother … / … doesn’t know, (she/she)
7 This is Jane: … have known … for years, (we/she)
8 Nobody told … the train was leaving, (they)
9 Why didn’t … ask to come with … ? (she/we)
10 Don’t ask … ask … (I/he)
11 .. think … doesn’t like … (I/he/I)
12 … asked … to invite … (they/he/we)